Tag: Chile

  • Pioneering island viticulture in Chile

    Pioneering island viticulture in Chile

    Montes planted two hectares of vines this month on the small isle of Mechuque, on the eastern side of the Chiloé Archipelago, which lies more than 600 miles south of Santiago.

    It is one of the world’s southernmost plantings at a latitude of 42.6° S and a landmark experiment for island viticulture in Chile.

    Despite its southerly location, Aurelio Montes – who frequently sails and flies in the region – believes the warm ocean currents on the eastern side of the archipelago will protect it from frost and the extreme temperatures that are common elsewhere at this latitude.

    ‘I explored the ChiloĂ© Archipelago dozens of times — by air, by sea, and by land, so it gave me a detailed knowledge of its many islands,’ Montes told Decanter.com.

    ‘ChiloĂ© is not only a place of myth and legend, it has major climatic benefits…’

    Read the full article on Decanter

  • Santa Rita – A Clean Sweep: Producer Profile, Decanter Magazine 2018

    Santa Rita – A Clean Sweep: Producer Profile, Decanter Magazine 2018

    CHANGE IS AFOOT in Alto Jahuel. First planted in 1850, the roots of Santa Rita’s historic 600ha wine estate run deep. This is a site of both viticultural heritage and cultural importance for Chile: it was once a hideout for 120 soldiers during the independence wars, and it was in this same vineyard that Carmenùre was first identified, hidden away between Merlot vines, in 1994. Alto Jahuel is part of Chile’s vinous patrimony and it is the main artery for Santa Rita’s 100 million-litre production – including its Carmen brand and Casa Real, one of Chile’s foremost icon wines.

    Long though its history may be, there is a seismic shift underway in Santa Rita. Cecilia Torres, winemaker for Casa Real since its inception in 1989, stepped down in 2017, handing the reins to Sebastian LabbĂ© (who joined Viña Carmen in 2005). LabbĂ© is also taking over Santa Rita’s premium wines from AndrĂ©s Ilabaca, who after 20 years is now downscaling to consultant winemaker. There may be new faces in the barrel room, but the big change is going on in the vineyards.

    See full article in Decanter Magazine, February 2018

    Chilean wine writer Amanda Barnes

     

     

    Chile wine writer Amanda Barnes for Decanter, Santa Rita Chile, Santa Rita, Decanter wine critic Amanda Barnes

  • Mr & Mrs Smith Review – Explora Atacama

    Mr & Mrs Smith Review – Explora Atacama

    Published on Mr & Mrs Smith, January 2018

    I realise that Mr Smith and I aren’t quite as adventurous as everyone else visiting Explora when, after the long, dusty road from the airport, we want to get acquainted with the barman before the mountain guide.

    ‘Of course,’ smiles the manager who greets us on arrival, ‘but head to the Explorer’s room soon to book your activities for tomorrow.’

    There’s no rest for the wicked at Explora Atacama but, looking out over a barren landscape of extinct volcanoes, salt and dust, we turn to each other – now peering over the cool ice of our G&Ts – raise an eyebrow, and ask: ‘What exactly is there to do in a desert for four days?’

    Lots, as it turns out. This might be the driest desert in the world, but it is home to some of the most diverse flora in Chile, one of the largest and most unique geyser fields in the world, and the highest volcanoes on the planet (some of which are also very active), explains our mountain guide scribbling over a map he has covered in felt tip dashes and crosses. It looks like he has marked out a treasure map, several in fact. Mr Smith and I are overwhelmed at the different activities on offer: ascents, descents, mountains, canyons, bike rides, horses
 ‘So what do you want to do this afternoon?’

    The only thing we knew for certain before arrival is that we wanted to see El Tatio – the moon-like field of steam-spitting geysers and billowing tunnels of volcanic vapour, which is notoriously one of San Pedro de Atacama’s ‘must-sees’. That, however, takes a couple days of acclimatisation, explains our guide, demonstrating with another squiggly felt-tip line that El Tatio is almost 2,000 metres higher than we are now. ‘How about starting tomorrow with a visit to the Puritama thermal baths?’

    My G&T almost topples over in excitement. ‘That suits us perfectly,’ I smile. Perhaps this wasn’t so adventurous after all.

    We feel a little worse for wear at our 8am meet up. Truthfully, Mr Smith and I are wine buffoons and when you get an open bar with a dozen wines from all over Chile, wine buffoonery prevails and your thoughtless logic says you have to try them all. The mountaineer-style pasta dishes should have been a clue for the next day ahead, but we decided to imbibe Maipo Cabernet Sauvignon instead. We skip breakfast ready to jump in the van and head up to the hot springs.

    When the van drops us all off on the side of a dirt track, we realise we should have paid more attention the night before. This was a hike to the hot springs
 We laughed it off, trying to look cool in front of the other adventurous types in our group. The other guests looked like they belonged to a glamorous outdoor-adventure Instagram account; we looked more like the Facebook page of a local darts team. I now notice that Mr Smith is wearing jeans.

    ‘Well, at least there’s a rescue van following us,’ smiled Mr Smile at our poster-boy mountain guide, JosĂ©. ‘Not really
 We’re heading into that ravine,” JosĂ© replies, pointing at an orange cavern ahead. ‘The next road is three miles away.’

    Mr Smith and I gulped. ‘Right, everyone ready?’ cajoled JosĂ©. ‘Let’s go!’

    We waved goodbye to our dignity, which drove away on four wheels up the dirt track to meet us three hours later. Within an hour we’d drunk our body weight in water, which JosĂ© had been sportingly carrying on his back, and started to get an adrenaline buzz that only comes with exercise, altitude and heart-stopping views. Ahead lay Licancabur volcano, below lay a ravine with water cascading down, and all between lay century-old cacti coyly displaying their bright yellow flowers through a cage of filigree spines. We were climbing rocks, squeezing between pampas grass and hopping over rivers, all while climbing to a cool 3,470 metres altitude.

    ‘How are you doing?’ Mr Smith asked me. ‘Great!’ I beamed back. Maybe we were the adventurous types after all?

    Nesting eagles, bulbous geological formations and animated conversations between the group accompanied the rest of our hike. Several pauses for water, energy-boosting chocolate and Atacama selfies, carried us through the three-mile walk up to the Puritama springs where a table laid out with drinks and nibbles awaited us, along with our own private thermal pool. It just so happens that the owner of Explora is also the owner of this expansive nature reserve. And while the springs are open for everyone to visit (with a small fee on the ‘door’), he saves the best for Explora guests: the warmest and largest spring, where a private space of changing facilities, sun loungers and chilled Sauvignon Blanc awaited. The walk might have been adventurous, but the destination was luxurious.

    This turned out to be the theme for the rest of our stay. Explora prides itself in pushing you outside your limits. That afternoon, we visited the salt flats with its pink flamingos, trekked and slid over the sand dunes above Moon Valley and caught sunset over Death Valley.

    The next day we woke up at 6am in order to reach the geysers, were dizzy at the sight and altitude, and then came back in the afternoon to trot on horseback through the desert.

    Each evening we collapsed with happy exhaustion and sat around with other travellers discussing our adventures at the bar, eyes fixated on the Andean horizon, in which you could find an infinitesimal number of pink, purple and orange hues. We would feel drunk on the dizzying skies each night as a herculean battle took place between our heavy eyelids and our inquisitive minds. The heavy eyelids always won eventually, usually before 11pm.

    When we came to plan our last morning, before our afternoon flight, our mountain guide asked us what was our folly: the rainbow valley, the Altiplano lakes, or a bicycle ride to the salar. Mr Smith and I looked at each other with the same expression. ‘We might just take it easy, actually. Eat breakfast and enjoy the spa.’

    Our mountain guide looked disappointed. Explora had brought out the adventurous side in us. But, honestly, how often do you get to drink an Aperol Spritz, with your toes tickled by cool water and a smoking volcano in the distance?

    By Amanda Barnes for Mr & Mrs Smith

     

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  • Chile’s Central Valley

    Chile’s Central Valley

    While most of Chile’s wines come from the Central Valley, they have a reputation of being the least exciting the country has to offer. That is changing, however, with winemakers injecting passion into their products, writes Amanda Barnes in The Drinks Business. PDF: Chile’s Central Valley

    It is easy to become distracted by what is happening on the fringes of Chile’s wine scene. As a country that is constantly pioneering new regions at its extremes there is always something, or somewhere, new to try. Although the fringes are exciting to write about, they don’t represent the overwhelming reality. More than 90% of Chile’s wine production comes from its ‘Central Valley’, a ubiquitous superzone that covers the Maipo, Rapel, Curicó and Maule regions, and usually translates to the most economic, and least exciting, wines. The Central Valley is, however, undergoing a revolution. It is a gradual revolution that won’t rock the boat, but vintage by vintage there’s a sure and steady change of tide as traditional Chile is being reinvented by winemakers seeking fresher, purer expressions of the grape varieties and region.

    Chile’s Central Valley stretches over 300 miles, making it nigh on impossible to generalise about anything. However, one thing that can be said is that when Pablo Morande pioneered the coastal region of Casablanca in the 1980s, many wine producers followed suit, looking for cooler climates by the coast. The same desire for cool climates pushed producers up the foothills of the Andes, seeking the lower temperatures of high altitude. Although the majority of wine production still came from the Central Valley, it was no longer considered ‘cool’. In recent years, though, wine producers have looked at ways of changing their viticulture to capture the freshness that even the warmer middle ranges of Chile can offer.

    “In Maquis I wanted to make wines that were balanced and fresh from the vineyard, and so we started making tests with an earlier harvest,” says Juan Alejandro Jofre, the former winemaker for Viña Maquis in Colchagua, who helped steer the wines to a fresher style, instigating a greater change in the Central Valley style. “We controlled irrigation to provoke some hydric stress just before vĂ©raison to get an earlier maturation. To do this you have to interpret the climate of each vintage and make good decisions about when to irrigate, carefully measuring the levels of nitrogen in the soil.”

    This discipline is one that Maquis still pursues today and Jofre has continued to use in his own line of wines – Vinos FrĂ­os del Año – which translates as ‘cold wines of the year’ yet always comes from warmer regions such as CuricĂł, by managing the viticulture. The naturally lower alcohol and higher acidity mean there is no need for correction in the winery, and the resulting wines are bright and juicy with a punchy acidity.

    Larger producers too have been seeking fresher expressions from the vineyard, and we have seen the mass production of Chile shift a gear in recent years, as Marcelo Papa, winemaker at Concha y Toro – Chile’s largest wine producer – explains: “Ten years ago we were more focused on getting fully ripe and mature fruit, and we were ageing wines with more oak, the alcohol was higher, we were looking for more opulence. But today we are coming back, we are bringing everything into better balance – good maturation but not overripe, a balanced acidity and freshness. I think this has changed the style of wines in a very positive way.”

    Along with a change in viticulture, there’s a slow change happening in the wineries too. While the early 2000s saw a boom in winemaking technology and additives in Chile, the pendulum is now swinging the other way and producers are moving away from heavy-handed oak and ripe concentration…

    Read the full article in The Drinks Business, September 2017

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

  • Why Chile is more exciting than you think

    Why Chile is more exciting than you think

    Written for The Tasting Panel, August 2017

    Chile sometimes gets pigeonholed as a safe, New World producer with good, simple wines at a fair price point. It’s not a bad rep, but it isn’t exactly riveting either. However, boasting both the oldest vines and the newest wine regions in South America, Chile is plump with diversity and spilling over with innovation. While the industry is concentrated in Santiago, the cradle of Chilean wine is more than 300 miles south—near the busy port of Concepción. Where the mouth of the Bío Bío River meets the Pacific Ocean, Concepción has been one of Chile’s greatest trading posts for over five centuries. “Vine-growing started in Itata, Bío Bío and Maule with the arrival of the Spanish [in the 1500s],” explains winemaker François Massoc. As word on the quality of Chilean wine spread, they began exporting back to Spain and the colonies, establishing a wine industry that the Spanish Crown sought—and failed—to crush.

    While the industry is concentrated in Santiago, the cradle of Chilean wine is more than 300 miles south—near the busy port of ConcepciĂłn. Where the mouth of the BĂ­o BĂ­o River meets the Pacific Ocean, ConcepciĂłn has been one of Chile’s greatest trading posts for over five centuries. “Vine-growing started in Itata, BĂ­o BĂ­o and Maule with the arrival of the Spanish [in the 1500s],” explains winemaker François Massoc. As word on the quality of Chilean wine spread, they began exporting back to Spain and the colonies, establishing a wine industry that the Spanish Crown sought—and failed—to crush….

     

    My wine picks

    De Martino 2015 Viejas Tinajas Muscat, Itata ($33) Made in old amphorae with old-vine Muscat in Itata, this orange wine is pure exuberance: heady floral notes combine with honey, citrus zest and a structured mid-palate.

    Leonardo Erazo 2016 La Resistencia Pais ($25) Low-yielding old vines make this ethereal Pais: light in color, floral and fresh in character, with a subtle and elegant style. A Grand Cru of Itata.

    Miguel Torres 2013 Escaleras de Empedrado Pinot Noir, Empedrado ($100) There are several super-premium Pinots emerging from Chile, and this is one of the best: terraced, schist vineyards in Maule offer notes of red cherry, underbrush and graphite.

    Undurraga 2013 Terroir Hunter Syrah, Limarí ($25) From Undurraga’s excellent single-vineyard series comes this aromatic, intense and spicy Syrah with bracing acidity from Limarí’s coastal limestone vineyard.

     

    Read full article in the August edition of The Tasting Panel magazine

  • Climate change: The next frontier

    Climate change: The next frontier

    Some areas of Chile and Argentina are experiencing changes in the frequency and severity of weather extremes. While many winemaking regions struggle to adapt, there are some visionary producers who see it as an opportunity to explore. Amanda Barnes investigates…

    Decanter July 2017Decanter July 2017

    THE WINE MAP is undeniably changing. The worldwide phenomenon of climate change is creating new, once-unimaginable wine regions, while at the same time dismantling others in its path. The oxymoron is, of course, that it poses both distressing risk and thrilling opportunity for winemakers.

    Belonging to a hemisphere with more water than land, global warming in South America is relatively gradual. ‘Global weirding’, however, has been a bit more dramatic, as the last two vintages testify. 2016’s El Niño, nicknamed Godzilla, caused snow in Elqui, flooding in the Atacama desert and one of Mendoza’s wettest vintages on record, while the extreme heat of early 2017 led to the worst forest fires in Chile’s history and electrical storms setting Argentina’s Pampa ablaze. On the Atlantic coast, hurricanes are becoming an almost annual occurrence and in 2016 Uruguay experienced its first tornado.

    The bad news is that extreme weather events will likely become the norm. However, climate change brings greater concerns: ‘Water scarcity is the biggest threat of climate change,’ predicts Dr Fernando Santibåñez, director of Chile’s Agriculture Department, Agrimed. ‘The other problems – like increased variability and extreme events of intense rains, wind and hail – are secondary.’

    Action plans are underway in Chile to prepare for the probable warmer, drier future. Water salinity, vineyard UV radiation and smoke taint detection are today’s top priorities at Concha y Toro’s US$5 million research centre; and Wines of Chile is mapping out a 40-year viability study into both existing and potential wine regions based on climate change predictions. Argentina’s industrial initiatives are more timid, as short-term economic stability pulls rank, but wine producers are already adapting their viticulture in response to the changing climate. In both countries we can get an idea of what the future might taste like and the direction their wine regions are heading…

    Read the full article in Decanter’s July 2017 magazine or on PDF format: Climate change

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  • Harvest Report Chile 2017

    Harvest Report Chile 2017

    ‘It has been the earliest harvest I remember,’ said winemaker Marcelo Retamal, comparing 2017 to the last two decades of Chilean vintages.

    Chile’s 2017 harvest arrived up to a month early in some regions, but was also notable for high temperatures and low yields.

    ‘2017 is clearly an atypical vintage, marked by extremely high temperatures, early physiological stages from budding to harvest, and particularly low yields,’ said Michel Friou, winemaker at Maipo’s Almaviva, where yields were down 26%.

    Read full report on Decanter

  • Riesling: The Queen of Grapes

    Riesling: The Queen of Grapes

    Citrus aromas and a refreshing acidity make riesling a great accompaniment to food, and the latest offerings, ranging from bone dry to lusciously sweet, are nothing short of regal.

    Riesling is a polarising wine, but once you get the riesling bug it’s hard to shake. Originating in Germany, this white grape took the fancy of the clergy folk to such an extent that in the mid-18th century a local cardinal declared that the whole Rheingau region should be planted with riesling. Since then, the grape has become synonymous with German wine, and its characteristic citrus, floral and petrol aromas have accrued fans all over the world.

    But as every partygoer knows there’s a danger in having too much of a good thing. Riesling steadily gained popularity until the 1970s, when an overproduction of cheap, sickly-sweet examples of the wine trickled through the market. Rather than quench the public thirst for the varietal, it gave many people an aversion and poor old riesling faded into the bittersweet background.

    But it isn’t considered the queen of grapes for nothing. Riesling’s ability to reflect its terroir, age gracefully and deliver expressive wines, ranging from bone dry to lusciously sweet, means it can pair with everything from Thai food to calamari and even lemon pie.

    Cono Sur’s rieslings are grown in Bío-Bío, Chile’s cooler southern region, which lends the wine a spine of acidity and a balance of sweetness, fit for any banquet.

    Written for The Guardian, print May 2017

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  • Pinot Noir: The Beauty & The Beast

    Pinot Noir: The Beauty & The Beast

  • Chile fires: 100-year-old vines lost in ‘national catastrophe’

    Chile fires: 100-year-old vines lost in ‘national catastrophe’

    Written for Decanter, January 2017

    Century-old vines have been destroyed and up to 100 vineyards damaged in wildfires that Chilean authorities have declared the ‘worst forestry disaster in the nation’s history’.

    The viticultural fallout of the forest fires still raging in Chile has begun to emerge, with century-old vineyards burnt to cinders and small producers worst affected.

    So far, more than 100 vineyards in Maule have been reportedly damaged by fires and approximately five hectares of vineyards have been destroyed in Colchagua as the fires continue to spread.

    Read more here at Decanter.com